Covid-19疾病最初是在中国武汉发现的，并在全球迅速传播。在COVID-19大流行之后，许多研究人员已经开始确定一种使用胸部X射线图像诊断COVID-19的方法。这种疾病的早期诊断会显着影响治疗过程。在本文中，我们提出了一种比文献中报道的其他方法更快，更准确的新技术。提出的方法结合了Densenet169和Mobilenet深神经网络的组合来提取患者X射线图像的特征。使用单变量特征选择算法，我们为最重要的功能完善了功能。然后，我们将选定的功能应用于LightGBM（轻梯度增强机）算法进行分类。为了评估所提出方法的有效性，使用了包括患者胸部的1125张X射线图像的ChestX-Ray8数据集。所提出的方法分别达到了两级（Covid-19，健康）和多级（Covid-19，健康，肺炎）分类问题的98.54％和91.11％的精度。值得一提的是，我们已经使用了梯度加权类激活映射（GRAD-CAM）进行进一步分析。

Recently, Smart Video Surveillance (SVS) systems have been receiving more attention among scholars and developers as a substitute for the current passive surveillance systems. These systems are used to make the policing and monitoring systems more efficient and improve public safety. However, the nature of these systems in monitoring the public's daily activities brings different ethical challenges. There are different approaches for addressing privacy issues in implementing the SVS. In this paper, we are focusing on the role of design considering ethical and privacy challenges in SVS. Reviewing four policy protection regulations that generate an overview of best practices for privacy protection, we argue that ethical and privacy concerns could be addressed through four lenses: algorithm, system, model, and data. As an case study, we describe our proposed system and illustrate how our system can create a baseline for designing a privacy perseverance system to deliver safety to society. We used several Artificial Intelligence algorithms, such as object detection, single and multi camera re-identification, action recognition, and anomaly detection, to provide a basic functional system. We also use cloud-native services to implement a smartphone application in order to deliver the outputs to the end users.

In recent years, we have seen a significant interest in data-driven deep learning approaches for video anomaly detection, where an algorithm must determine if specific frames of a video contain abnormal behaviors. However, video anomaly detection is particularly context-specific, and the availability of representative datasets heavily limits real-world accuracy. Additionally, the metrics currently reported by most state-of-the-art methods often do not reflect how well the model will perform in real-world scenarios. In this article, we present the Charlotte Anomaly Dataset (CHAD). CHAD is a high-resolution, multi-camera anomaly dataset in a commercial parking lot setting. In addition to frame-level anomaly labels, CHAD is the first anomaly dataset to include bounding box, identity, and pose annotations for each actor. This is especially beneficial for skeleton-based anomaly detection, which is useful for its lower computational demand in real-world settings. CHAD is also the first anomaly dataset to contain multiple views of the same scene. With four camera views and over 1.15 million frames, CHAD is the largest fully annotated anomaly detection dataset including person annotations, collected from continuous video streams from stationary cameras for smart video surveillance applications. To demonstrate the efficacy of CHAD for training and evaluation, we benchmark two state-of-the-art skeleton-based anomaly detection algorithms on CHAD and provide comprehensive analysis, including both quantitative results and qualitative examination.

Path prediction is an essential task for many real-world Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) applications, from autonomous driving and traffic monitoring/management to pedestrian/worker safety. These real-world CPS applications need a robust, lightweight path prediction that can provide a universal network architecture for multiple subjects (e.g., pedestrians and vehicles) from different perspectives. However, most existing algorithms are tailor-made for a unique subject with a specific camera perspective and scenario. This article presents Pishgu, a universal lightweight network architecture, as a robust and holistic solution for path prediction. Pishgu's architecture can adapt to multiple path prediction domains with different subjects (vehicles, pedestrians), perspectives (bird's-eye, high-angle), and scenes (sidewalk, highway). Our proposed architecture captures the inter-dependencies within the subjects in each frame by taking advantage of Graph Isomorphism Networks and the attention module. We separately train and evaluate the efficacy of our architecture on three different CPS domains across multiple perspectives (vehicle bird's-eye view, pedestrian bird's-eye view, and human high-angle view). Pishgu outperforms state-of-the-art solutions in the vehicle bird's-eye view domain by 42% and 61% and pedestrian high-angle view domain by 23% and 22% in terms of ADE and FDE, respectively. Additionally, we analyze the domain-specific details for various datasets to understand their effect on path prediction and model interpretation. Finally, we report the latency and throughput for all three domains on multiple embedded platforms showcasing the robustness and adaptability of Pishgu for real-world integration into CPS applications.

近年来，全球医学事物（IOMT）行业已经以极大的速度发展。由于IOMT网络的庞大规模和部署，安全和隐私是IOMT的关键问题。机器学习（ML）和区块链（BC）技术已大大提高了Healthcare 5.0的功能和设施，并产生了一个名为“ Smart Healthcare”的新领域。通过早期确定问题，智能医疗保健系统可以帮助避免长期损害。这将提高患者的生活质量，同时减少压力和医疗保健费用。 IOMT在信息技术领域中启用了一系列功能，其中之一是智能和互动的医疗保健。但是，将医疗数据合并到单个存储位置以训练强大的机器学习模型，这引起了人们对隐私，所有权和更加集中的遵守的担忧。联合学习（FL）通过利用集中式聚合服务器来传播全球学习模型，从而克服了前面的困难。同时，本地参与者可以控制患者信息，从而确保数据机密性和安全性。本文对与医疗保健中联邦学习纠缠的区块链技术的发现进行了全面分析。 5.0。这项研究的目的是利用区块链技术和入侵检测系统（IDS）在医疗保健5.0中构建安全的健康监测系统，以检测医疗保健网络中的任何恶意活动，并使医生能够通过医疗传感器监控患者并采取必要的措施。定期通过预测疾病。

物理知识的神经网络（PINN）算法在解决涉及部分微分方程（PDES）的各种问题方面显示出令人鼓舞的结果。但是，由于一种称为光谱偏置的现象，当目标函数包含高频特征时，它们通常无法收敛到理想的溶液。在目前的工作中，我们利用神经切线内核（NTK）来研究用动量（SGDM）在随机梯度下降下进化的Pinns的训练动力学。这表明SGDM显着降低了光谱偏置的影响。我们还研究了为什么通过ADAM优化器训练模型可以在减少频谱偏置的同时加速收敛。此外，我们的数值实验已经证实，即使在存在高频特征的情况下，使用SGDM的广泛网络仍会收敛到理想的解决方案。实际上，我们表明网络的宽度在收敛中起着至关重要的作用。

对于由硬件和软件组件组成的复杂分布式系统而言，异常检测是一个重要的问题。对此类系统的异常检测的要求和挑战的透彻理解对于系统的安全性至关重要，尤其是对于现实世界的部署。尽管有许多解决问题的研究领域和应用领域，但很少有人试图对这种系统进行深入研究。大多数异常检测技术是针对某些应用域的专门开发的，而其他检测技术则更为通用。在这项调查中，我们探讨了基于图的算法在复杂分布式异质系统中识别和减轻不同类型异常的重要潜力。我们的主要重点是在分布在复杂分布式系统上的异质计算设备上应用时，可深入了解图。这项研究分析，比较和对比该领域的最新研究文章。首先，我们描述了现实世界分布式系统的特征及其在复杂网络中的异常检测的特定挑战，例如数据和评估，异常的性质以及现实世界的要求。稍后，我们讨论了为什么可以在此类系统中利用图形以及使用图的好处。然后，我们将恰当地深入研究最先进的方法，并突出它们的优势和劣势。最后，我们评估和比较这些方法，并指出可能改进的领域。

计算机视觉上的最新进展已经提高了使用神经网络来理解人类姿势的应用的突出性。但是，尽管在最新数据集上的准确性一直在稳步提高，但这些数据集通常无法解决现实世界应用程序中所面临的挑战。这些挑战是与远离镜头的人们，人群中的人们和被遮挡的人打交道。结果，许多现实世界的应用程序已经对没有反映部署中存在的数据的数据进行了培训，从而导致表现不佳。本文介绍了ADG-POSE，这是一种自动生成用于现实世界姿势估计的数据集的方法。可以定制这些数据集以确定人的距离，拥挤和遮挡分布。接受我们方法培训的模型能够在存在这些挑战的情况下执行，而这些挑战在其他数据集中训练的挑战失败。使用ADG置端，基于现实世界骨架的动作识别的端到端精度可在中等距离和遮挡水平的场景上增加20％，并且在其他型号的表现胜过比随机性更好的场景中增加了4倍。